Although the term 21st century learning does not appear in How People Learn, the research and theory detailed in the book deal directly with 21st century learning. 21st century learning is a term used for all modern learning practices, and the ways they are different from traditional learning. In recent years, a great deal of learning research has been completed. As a result, the way we think about education has changed significantly. In traditional education, the goals were to teach reading, writing, and calculating. Now, critical and persuasive skills are also taught, and almost every subject involves a higher level of complexity. This is partially in response to the ever-increasing demands of the work force. Coming out of a modern classroom, a student should be prepared to be a fully-functioning member of a complex society. 21st century learning is just the term used to identify these new ideas and expectations.

